The federal tax rate you expect to pay on taxable income while taking withdrawals. How your tax rate in retirement compares to your tax rate while contributing could be the most important factor in determining whether to choose a Roth or traditional 401(k)/403(b) account. The table below may help you estimate your tax bracket in retirement.

Keep in mind that retirement plan withdrawals from traditional accounts are treated as ordinary income, so taxable withdrawals — especially a lump-sum withdrawal — may push you into a higher tax bracket. Tax brackets and rates may change in the future. The analyzer applies the tax rate you enter to all taxable income in retirement.

Federal income tax brackets for 2024*

This information is subject to change by the IRS.
Tax rate Married filing jointly
or qualified widow(er)		 Single Head of household Married filing separately
10% $0–$23,200 $0–$11,600 $0–$16,550 $0–$11,600
12% $23,201–$94,300 $11,601–$47,150 $16,551–$63,100 $11,601–$47,150
22% $94,301–$201,050 $47,151–$100,525 $63,101–$100,500 $47,151–$100,525
24% $201,051–$383,900 $100,526–$191,950 $100,501–$191,950 $100,526–$191,950
32% $383,901–$487,450 $191,951–$243,725 $191,951–$243,700 $191,951–$243,725
35% $487,451–$731,200 $243,726–$609,350 $243,701–$609,350 $243,726–$365,600
37% $731,201
and over		 $609,351
and over		 $609,351
and over		 $365,601
and over