美國經濟持續強韌,將成為金融市場在2025年及其後的主要動力。經濟數據顯示美國並未陷入衰退,現正重返週期中段,而通脹則持續回落至美國聯儲局的2%目標,使當局得以開始減息。我們相信,聯儲局認為目前貨幣政策緊縮,並可能會繼續減息,但步伐將較早前預期放緩。
2024年12月13日
在此情況下,儘管息差普遍較窄,但初始收益率高企、相對價值機會吸引,加上利率可能下降,均為固定收益提供強勁支持。
隨著華府在2025年換屆,新任政府尚未完全闡明或實施關稅及財政開支的政策。投資者試圖評估具體政策及其對通脹與整體經濟的潛在影響,我們預計利率在短期內將維持高度波動。儘管如此,利率波動也非一無是處,若干波動可以在存續期、收益曲線部署及按揭抵押證券等結構性範疇內,為主動型投資者創造機會。
與此同時,債券似乎亦恢復其分散投資組合風險的傳統作用。這可見於2024年8月初,當時股市因經濟數據較預期疲弱而受壓。儘管股市出現拋售,但債券市場報升,緩減混合資產投資組合的損失。回顧過去50年,股債通常都是在通脹接近聯儲局2%目標水平時呈現負相關性。
展望2025年,通脹將逐漸重返其趨勢水平,意味著固定收益可望再度發揮締造收益、分散風險及抵禦股市波動的作用。

David Hoag is a fixed income portfolio manager with 36 years of investment experience (as of 12/31/2023). He holds an MBA from the University of Chicago and a bachelor's degree from Wheaton College.

Timothy Ng is a fixed income portfolio manager with 18 years of investment industry experience (as of 12/31/2024). He holds a bachelor's degree in computer science from the University of Waterloo, Ontario.

Damien J. McCann is a fixed income portfolio manager with 24 years of investment industry experience (as of 12/31/2023). He holds a bachelor’s degree in business administration with an emphasis on finance from California State University, Northridge. He also holds the Chartered Financial Analyst® designation.

Kirstie Spence is a fixed income portfolio manager with 28 years of investment industry experience (as of 12/31/2023). She is the principal investment officer for the Capital Group Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt LUX Fund and serves on the Capital Group Management Committee. She holds a master's degree with honors in German and international relations from the University of St Andrews, Scotland.